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After WI-38 cells were irradiated by carbon ion 2 Gy, the culture medium was collected at 24h, and the differential factors in the culture medium were detected by LC-MS.LC-TOFMS (Agilent,1290 Infinity LC, 6530 UHD, and Accurate-Mass Q-TOF/MS) was used for the metabonomic profiling of all samples in the study. The profiling procedure (sample preparation, metabolite separation and detection, metabonomic data preprocessing, metabolite annotation, and statistical analysis for biomarker identification) was performed following our previously published protocols with minor modifications. The separation column was a C18 column (Agilent, 100mm × 2.1mm, 1.8 μm). The chromatographic separation conditions are as follows: column temperature 40 °C, flow rate 0.4 ml/min; mobile phase A: water + 0.1% formic acid, B: acetonitrile + 0.1% formic acid; according to a certain gradient elution procedure. The injection volume is 4ul and the temperature of the automatic injector is 4°C. Data Analysis and Statistics Kantaputra et al. (2002) described a Thai family in which the mother and 3 offspring were affected with a dominantly inherited malformation syndrome with short stature, upper limb anomaly, and minor craniofacial anomalies suggestive of HOS; however, molecular studies did not reveal any mutations in the TBX5 gene. One of the offspring, a 23-year-old man, was cardiologically asymptomatic, although echocardiography revealed he had a quadricuspid aortic valve associated with mild aortic regurgitation. Li et al. (1997) pointed out that TBX3 may be a candidate gene for Noonan syndrome ( 163950) and ulnar-mammary syndrome (UMS; 181450). The latter possibility indeed proved to be the case; Bamshad et al. (1997) demonstrated mutations in TBX3 in 2 families with ulnar-mammary syndrome ( 602621.0001- 602621.0002). Each mutation was predicted to cause haploinsufficiency of TBX3, implying that critical levels of this transcription factor are required for morphogenesis of several organs. Limb abnormalities of ulnar-mammary syndrome involve posterior elements. Mutations in TBX5 cause anterior limb abnormalities in Holt-Oram syndrome. Because of similarities in structure and function of TBX3 and TBX5 and because of close linkage, Bamshad et al. (1997) proposed that these genes originated from a common ancestral gene, each having acquired specific complementary roles in patterning the mammalian upper limb. A dominant repression domain in Tbx3 mediates transcriptional repression and cell immortalization: relevance to mutations in Tbx3 that cause ulnar-mammary syndrome.

A de novo TBX3 mutation presenting as dorsalization of the little fingers: A forme fruste phenotype of ulnar-mammary syndrome. Cancer Patients with a confirmed cancer diagnosis and attending hospital for chemotherapy treatment. Newbury-Ecob et al. (1996) reported a detailed study of a large cohort of patients that included 44 familial and 11 sporadic cases. Association of cardiac and radial abnormalities was a criterion for inclusion of familial cases. Limb defects were found in all affected persons. The thumb was the most commonly affected structure, although in 7 of 44 cases, the thumbs were normal. In most cases, the thumb defects (absence in 19/44, hypoplasia in 17/44, triphalangeal thumbs in 8/44) were associated with hypoplastic thenar or limited supination of the forearm. Radial hypoplasia (18/44) was more frequent than absence of radius (10/44). Ulnar hypoplasia occurred only in patients with radial defects. Most patients had narrow, sloping shoulders. Limb defects were always bilateral and often asymmetrical, the left side being more severely affected. Cardiac involvement was found in 95% of familial cases; secundum atrial septal defect (15) and ventricular septal defect (11) were the most common defects. In 17 of the familial cases, only ECG abnormalities were found. Both cardiac and limb abnormalities were more severe in the sporadic group. Newbury-Ecob et al. (1996) found a significant positive correlation (r = 0.49) between severity of the limb and cardiac defects. The patients with atrial septal defects had more severe limb abnormalities. Correlation between sibs was greater than that between parent and offspring.Zhen Yang 1† Qiuning Zhang 2,3† Hongtao Luo 2 Lihua Shao 3 Ruifeng Liu 2 Yarong Kong 2 Xueshan Zhao 4 Yichao Geng 4 Chengcheng Li 4 Xiaohu Wang 1,2,3,4* Borozdin, W., Bravo-Ferrer Acosta, A. M., Seemanova, E., Leipoldt, M., Bamshad, M. J., Unger, S., Kohlhase, J. Novel mutation of TBX3 in a Japanese family with ulnar-mammary syndrome: implication for impaired sex development. Basson, C. T., Bachinsky, D. R., Lin, R. C., Levi, T., Elkins, J. A., Soults, J., Grayzel, D., Kroumpouzou, E., Traill, T. A., Leblanc-Straceski, J., Renault, B., Kucherlapati, R., Seidman, J. G., Seidman, C. E. A murine model of Holt-Oram syndrome defines roles of the T-box transcription factor Tbx5 in cardiogenesis and disease.

In 3 members of a family with ulnar-mammary syndrome, Meneghini et al. (2006) identified a single-basepair insertion (601621.0007) in exon 6 of the TBX3 gene, resulting in a frameshift and premature stop codon. This mutation was downstream of the T-box DNA-binding domain and thus did not disrupt or alter the T-domain. The authors reviewed the data on previously reported variants and hypothesized a genotype-phenotype correlation, with mutations that disrupt the T-box DNA-binding domain associated with a more severe phenotype. Yang et al. (2000) analyzed 11 Chinese patients with Holt-Oram syndrome using SSCP analysis of TBX5. The authors identified 3 novel mutations, including a frameshift mut Where the benefit received is the provision of accommodation without charge to the individual, the amount or value of the benefit is likely to be determined from a consideration of the market rental that the property may have fetched at the time the benefit is received. Moskowitz, I. P. G., Kim, J. B., Moore, M. L., Wolf, C. M., Peterson, M. A., Shendure, J., Nobrega, M. A., Yokota, Y., Berul, C., Izumo, S., Seidman, J. G., Seidman, C. E.Hiroi et al. (2001) found that TBX5 associates with NKX2-5 ( 600584) and synergistically promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation. Both directly bind to the promoter of the gene encoding cardiac-specific natriuretic peptide precursor type A (NPPA; 108780) in tandem, and the 2 transcription factors show synergistic activation. P19CL6 cells efficiently differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes expressing cardiac-specific genes after treatment with 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Hiroi et al. (2001) found that P19CL6 cell lines overexpressing wildtype Tbx5 started to beat earlier and expressed cardiac-specific genes more abundantly than did parental P19CL6 cells, whereas cell lines expressing the G80R mutation ( 601620.0004), which causes substantial cardiac defects with minor skeletal abnormalities in HOS, did not differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes. Contrariwise, the R237Q mutation ( 601620.0003), which causes upper limb malformations without cardiac abnormalities, activated the Nppa promoter to an extent similar to that of wildtype TBX5. Bruneau, B. G., Nemer, G., Schmitt, J. P., Charron, F., Robitaille, L., Caron, S., Conner, D. A., Gessler, M., Nemer, M., Seidman, C. E., Seidman, J. G. Basson et al. (1999) identified heterozygous mutations in the TBX5 gene in affected members of several families segregating HOS (see, e.g., 601620.0002- 601620.0005). If the individual receiving a benefit makes any contribution towards that benefit, the contribution will normally be taken into account in determining the amount or value of the benefit. Although there are many reports about RIBE research, only a few studies about the relationship of carbon ion bystander effects (CIBE) and malignant tumor cell metastasis. It has been found that glutamate involved in tumorigenesis, and glutamate concentration plays a key role in the invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells ( 18). Understanding radiation-induced signaling pathways is essential for developing new strategies in both cancer radiotherapy and the prevention of radiation carcinogenesis ( 19). Therefore, in our study, we used metabonomics techniques were used to analyze the metabolic molecules of carbon ion-induced fine radiation bystander effects, meanwhile we combined with bioinformatics methods to screen differential metabolites and possibly target molecules to explain the effect and potential effects of carbon ion radiation bystander effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell metastasis. Materials and Methods Cell Culture

Tbx5 and Tbx4 are not sufficient to determine limb-specific morphologies but have common roles in initiating limb outgrowth. Hiroi et al. (2001) found that TBX5 associates with NKX2-5 (600584) and synergistically promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation. Both directly bind to the promoter of the gene encoding cardiac-specific natriuretic peptide precursor type A (NPPA; 108780) in tandem, and the 2 transcription factors show synergistic activation. P19CL6 cells efficiently differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes expressing cardiac-specific genes after treatment with 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Hiroi et al. (2001) found that P19CL6 cell lines overexpressing wildtype Tbx5 started to beat earlier and expressed cardiac-specific genes more abundantly than did parental P19CL6 cells, whereas cell lines expressing the G80R mutation (601620.0004), which causes substantial cardiac defects with minor skeletal abnormalities in HOS, did not differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes. Contrariwise, the R237Q mutation (601620.0003), which causes upper limb malformations without cardiac abnormalities, activated the Nppa promoter to an extent similar to that of wildtype TBX5.By microdissection of the mouse ventricular conduction system, followed by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) of the left bundle branch, Moskowitz et al. (2007) identified Id2 ( 600386) as a conduction system-specific transcript. Analysis of the Id2 promoter showed that conduction system-specific expression of Id2 was dependent on Nkx2.5 and Tbx5. Moskowitz et al. (2007) concluded that a molecular pathway including Id2, Nkx2.5, and Tbx5 coordinates specification of ventricular myocytes into the ventricular conduction system lineage. Contiguous hemizygous deletion of TBX5, TBX3, and RBM19 resulting in a combined phenotype of Holt-Oram and ulnar-mammary syndromes. In 2018, there were 18.1 million new cases of cancer worldwide, of which the incidence of lung cancer was 11.6% and the mortality rate was 18.4% ( 1). However, the metastasis of lung cancer is a major cause of treatment failure ( 2). Carbon ions with high LET rays ( 12C 6+) can inhibit the metastasis of tumor cells by their advantages in physics and biology ( 3, 4). Radiation induces bystander effect (RIBE) refers to the plethora of biological phenomena occurring in non-irradiated cells as a result of signal transmission from an irradiated cell ( 5). The study of proton targeting cancer cells and unirradiated normal fibroblasts also found an induced bi-directional bystander effect, and RIBE was detected in vitro, 3D tissues and mouse models ( 6).Growing evidence show that bystander responses can be regulated by four mechanisms-(i) gap junction intercellular communication (ii) communication of soluble factors released by irradiated cells or organs (iii) clastogenic factors and exosomes ( 7, 8). A WW domain protein TAZ is a critical coactivator for TBX5, a transcription factor implicated in Holt-Oram syndrome. The principles to be applied where an asset is made available for use by an individual are likely to be similar to those described above for rent free accommodation. Where the benefit provided is on an ongoing and continuous basis it will generally be appropriate to look at the tax year as a whole and consider the ‘’annual value’’ of the use of the asset in relation to that tax year (or part thereof), together with any ongoing costs to the person providing the benefit of its provision for use by the individual. It may also be appropriate to reduce the value of the benefit where the individual meets costs associated with the asset that would normally be incurred by the owner of the asset. Subject to obtaining any necessary professional valuation advice, as a rule of thumb it may be appropriate to adopt a methodology for the benefits charge regarding the use of assets similar to that applied in the employment-related benefits field where an asset is made available for the use of an employee (see for example ITEPA05/S205). Asset passed to the individual

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