This genus also contains several other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion Allium fistulosum, the tree onion Allium× proliferum, and the Canada onion Allium canadense. The name wild onion is applied to a number of Allium species, but A. cepa is exclusively known from cultivation. Its ancestral wild original form is not known, although escapes from cultivation have become established in some regions. [5] The onion is most frequently a biennial or a perennial plant, but is usually treated as an annual and harvested in its first growing season. I'Itoi Onion". Ark of Taste. Slow Food USA. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 August 2013 . Retrieved 25 March 2013. Brewster, James L. (1994). Onions and other vegetable Alliums (1sted.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p.16. ISBN 978-0-85198-753-8. The genus Allium also contains a number of other species variously referred to as onions and cultivated for food, such as the Japanese bunching onion ( A.fistulosum), Egyptian onion ( A. × proliferum), and Canada onion ( A.canadense). [3] :9–10

The amount of sulfenic acids and lacrimal factor released and the irritation effect differs among Allium species. In 2008, the New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research created "no tears" onions by genetic modification to prevent the synthesis of lachrymatory factor synthase in onions. [41] One study suggests that consumers prefer the flavour of onions with lower LFS content. [42] Since the process impedes sulfur ingestion by the plant, some find LFS− onions inferior in flavour. [43] In the Age of Discovery, onions were taken to North America by the first European settlers, [16] who found close relatives of the plant such as Allium tricoccum readily available and widely used in Native American gastronomy. [16] According to diaries kept by certain first English colonists, the bulb onion was one of the first crops planted by the Pilgrims. [18] Uses Onion types and products Sautéing onions Xu, K; Huang, X; Wu, M; Wang, Y; Chang, Y; Liu, K; Zhang, J; Zhang, Y; Zhang, F; Yi, L; Li, T; Wang, R; Tan, G; Li, C (2014). "A rapid, highly efficient and economical method of Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transient transformation in living onion epidermis". PLOS One. 9 (1): e83556. Bibcode: 2014PLoSO...983556X. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083556. PMC 3885512. PMID 24416168.Red or purple onions, known for their sharp pungent flavour, are commonly cooked in many cuisines. They are also used raw and in grilling.

Allium cepa var. cepa". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 10 December 2017. a b Danovich, Tove (8 February 2018). "Stop Crying! Tear-Free Onions Are Here". NPR. Archived from the original on 17 April 2018 . Retrieved 13 April 2018. Cope, R.B. (August 2005). " Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats" (PDF). Veterinary Medicine. 100 (8): 562–566. ISSN 8750-7943 . Retrieved 22 July 2022. A little refresher on the dark web – it’s like a gathering house, where all sorts of people congregate. Some are looking for whitepapers that would otherwise be inaccessible through the clear web (i.e. behind a very tall and expensive paywall), others for a chat with complete strangers, and yes, some would even peddle their ill-gotten booty or plotting world domination.a b c d Cumo, CE (2015). Onion. In: Foods that Changed History: How Foods Shaped Civilization from the Ancient World to the Present. ABC-CLIO LLC (American Bibliographic Center, CLIO Press). pp.248–50. ISBN 9781440835377. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021 . Retrieved 30 June 2020. Lukes, T. M. (1 November 1986). "Factors Governing the Greening of Garlic Puree". Journal of Food Science. 51 (6): 1577. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1986.tb13869.x. ISSN 1750-3841. Education The large size of onion cells makes them useful for microscopy. These cells from the epidermis of a red onion are naturally pigmented. I was helping my daughter to do some natural dyeing for her Textiles GCSE and there was left over onion skin dye. I had a skein of undyed yarn in my stash, so I decided to experiment with the dye, it seemed a pity to waste it. Onions may be grown from seeds or from partially grown bulbs called "sets" or starter bulbs. Because onion seeds are short-lived, fresh seeds germinate more effectively when sown in shallow rows, or "drills," with each drill 12" to 18" apart. [57] [59] In suitable climates, certain cultivars can be sown in late summer and autumn to overwinter in the ground and produce early crops the following year. [14]

Onions are toxic to dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and many other animals. [53] [54] Cultivation Large-scale onion cultivationZohary, Daniel; Hopf, Maria (2000). Domestication of plants in the Old World (Thirded.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p.198. ISBN 978-0-19-850357-6. After the 16th century, the helmet was long known only from the closely similar prints by Agostino Veneziano and others (it is not entirely clear which of these first created the image). These appear to combine the features of Süleyman lifted from other portraits available in Venice, while the helmet itself was recorded when it was exhibited in Venice, before it reached the sultan. The helmet was widely thought to be a fanciful invention of the printmakers, until 20th-century scholars rediscovered the records of the real object. [2] Design and iconography [ edit ] Portrait of Sultan Süleyman wearing the Venetian Helmet A heraldic version of Suleiman the Magnificent's Venetian Helmet. Imperial Library (last working) link: http://xfmro77i3lixucja.onion or http://kx5thpx2olielkihfyo4jgjqfb7zx7wxr3sd4xzt26ochei4m6f7tayd.onion 12. Archive.today Kurz, O (1969). "A Golden Helmet Made in Venice for Sultan Sulayman the Magnificent". Gazette des Beaux-Arts. LXXIV: 249–258. Mower, Chris (30 March 2009). "The Difference between Yellow, White, and Red Onions". The Cooking Dish. Archived from the original on 1 May 2013 . Retrieved 24 March 2013.